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November 7th, 2011 by Steve

Do budget conventions throttle PR change and success?

Do you want PR to deliver greater commercial value to your business? Have you been tapping into new media to develop more effective ways to develop brand influence? Do you sometimes look at the PR options available and wonder whether it’s all even really PR any more?

If you answered yes to any of these, you’re not alone. In fact, there was probably a unanimous yes to all three.

So does the way your marketing budget get allocated – the money you have to do this stuff – reflect this modernisation, or has it not really changed in many years? A lot of organisations, if they’re honest, probably say no to that one.

What’s my point? Well it’s that despite PR going through enormous growing pains as it both modernises services hurriedly and capitalises on modern media, the way budgets are planned and apportioned is too often a drawback. It stifles change, at a time when it should be enabling it.

I’ve been having conversations with lots of prospects recently, as tends to happen at this time of year, about budgets for the next calendar year. Of course requirements vary widely, but the common threads are that:

- There is a marketing budget, and within that there is a line item for PR which is largely intended to cover media relations and monitoring. This convention has not changed for a long, long time. This does little if anything to help the person signing the cheques to understand what the money goes on

- As PR changes and its potential expands, money ends up being ‘borrowed’ from other pots in the marketing budget. This has always happened, but now it’s rampant. Research, events, integrated projects, you name it – there are lots of line items being pillaged to support PR’s march beyond media relations (which, I’d argue, is bang on the money as PR comes full circle and is all about building successful relations with publics again). This is making a mockery of the way in which PR services have been bought for the past few decades, and highlights why a change is needed in how budgets are drawn up

- Everyone wants to do more sophisticated kinds of PR. Most want more integrated planning. All want more scientific ways of measuring the spend, where feasible. Yet ask how they can fund it and they’re tied to what amounts to a media relations line item in a budget

- Digital is both forcing this and making this worse, as some marketing budgets have digital line items that are shared across several areas of marketing but risk being rudderless, while others have digital fiefdoms that are equally unhelpful. Before long, it will all be pretty much digital so slapping it as separate line items onto an outdated budget model is folly (a wonderful word, that)

All too often, the parameters of the budget spreadsheet inhibit the development of a more successful PR programme . By that I mean more sophisticated one, where a more integrated approach to influence can be taken with a better-targeted audience and improved measurement. And it’s all because the old line item can’t cover the scope of the new approach. Sometimes because there’s not enough money to cover it, sometimes because it will cause political problems elsewhere. Tim Dyson had some good insight on how to work out what to spend on PR, but the problem is that the way in which the budget is drawn up can sandbag the intentions of the PR team.

In recent times, smart marketers have begun to realise this and are changing how they do things. Those unable to make changes that quickly are pressing on with new kinds of PR regardless, and retrofitting their budget models to it.

But it’s a pain in the arse we can all do without. It may seem like minor bureaucracy in the scheme of things, but a new broom would clear out the obstacles that exist, and show the people paying for PR that it’s not just all about getting stuff in the (conventional) media any more.

I’ll be covering this in a future blog post or two, with some ideas on how PR budgeting should be changed, and how to go about it. Do let me have any ideas or share experiences.

October 10th, 2011 by Steve

Degrees of separation: what should tomorrow’s PRs study?

I’ve said before, and my opposite number has said before, that PR is going back to the future.

By that, I mean that having buried itself up to its neck in media relations for the past 50 years or more, the digitisation of media finally seems to be forcing PR to again a more expansive view of what the infuence game is all about.

Just like PR pioneers did in the first half of the last century, today more and more of the discussion about brand reputation  and how best to impart influence is poking around topics that really amount to social psychology. Having spent decades trying to convince clients of the actual or the assumed value of a high volume and strong quality of publicity gained in an ever-expandiong conventional media, agencies are now starting to realise that influence is conducted on a broader stage, and that cause and effect can begin to be, albeit in a fairly piecemeal way, measured ‘properly’.

So the question is, where does leave all of the students of PR, who have diligently toiled to achieve PR degrees, when the very nature of PR is changing so quickly and the skills required maybe very different by the time they actually graduate? And for people running agencies who are going to need to hire graduates a couple of years from now, how can we be sure  they’ll be fit for purpose?

It’s difficult to say, because PR is changing that quickly at the moment.

But my bet is that people who understand psychology, plus sociology, and so understand  – at least in theory – how influence can or does work between people, will be in the strongest position. They’re the ones who’ll stand out, and be in the best position to apply themselves to the rigours of modern PR planning, content generation and evaluation. While I’ve never placed much weight on PR degrees – I trained as a journalist, and while great discipline it was of little practical use to me once I started as a junior hack – I can see how the types of things that people seemed to be studying on them in recent years will be pretty much obsolete from a commercial perspective in the future. I hope for their sake that they’re modernising too.

Of course, people come into PR with all sorts of degrees, most of them utterly irrelevant for their careers. To an extent, it doesn’t matter that much: what matters is that you’re really clever, love all types of media and will work your arse off.  Yet I can’t help thinking that if I had to rack up a pile of debt studying for something and wanted to go into PR in the future, I’d plump for a social science at the moment.

Because you’re better off studying people in depth than spending three years pondering media relations and how to stick together a PR plan.

May 24th, 2011 by Steve

Trembling in their tassles: why PR is getting daunting

I wrote a piece for Reputation Online that has appeared today about the dizzying array of skills that a PR person now needs to possess and how that will only get more daunting.

So it’s not a comedy.

But it does give some reflection of the knowledge gap that exists in PR today, what skills people are likely to need as the industry modernises, and what expectations will exist around PR skills in the future. And before anyone gets too frantic about the pace of change and the higher levels of capability demanded, take some heart in the fact that in the past there have been too many ropey or in some cases utterly hopeless people in PR. So a cynic might say that in the case some individuals we’re starting from a pretty low base.

Ooops, that might have the public relations professional bodies on my back again. Not the sensible and pragmatic ones mind.

Anyway, here’s a little taste of what the article contains:

- Flimsy, airhead PRs are really going to struggle

- We cannot cover all the ground skills-wise, but specialise too deeply at your (potential) peril

- PR agencies need to do a lot more work to define what they do/will do, pinpoint their commercial value, develop people’s skills and gain an astute commercial spine (nothing too new there then)

Enough of the preview though. You can read the rest here.

November 10th, 2010 by Steve

Search and PR: what about sharing?

Ask PR agencies today what’s the number one capability they’re lacking as the profession modernises, and it’s highly likely search will top the list.

The reasons are fairly obvious. As media digitises, PR will unquestionably become more measurable in commercial terms, and hence more focused. It has to be. It will, ideally, demonstrate how it can have a direct as well as an indirect bearing on the sales process. In the midst of this, more and more purchasing decisions are being made following internet searches.

It’s blindingly obvious that PR and search techniques must join forces to address how best to plan and deliver editorial influence over search outcomes. Few experienced PRs really understand how search functions and how best to influence those outcomes, so people with search skills are being, with a tad of irony, hastily sought by many a PR firm.

In fact in the rush to play let’s-cuddle-up-to-search-geeks, PR agencies are undoubtedly finding that the same search specialists they’re already partnering with are also beginning to compete with them by acquiring PR skills themselves. Allegedly.

PR and search aren’t on a collision course per se, but they’re certainly becoming more and more aligned as the impact of editorial techniques on search becomes clearer and better exploited.

So PR needs to get all wrapped up in how people search for goods and services they want to buy online. Fair enough. But in the rush for all concerned to gain these broader skills, aren’t we overlooking one of the age-old truths of PR, and one that has played a central role in its perceived value by organisations?

That truth is that word-of-mouth endorsement from respected peers is one of the most important outputs that PR can trigger. And the commercial impact of how people are sharing content that they see online will in the future be as important as the effect of them searching for content. Perhaps, given the power of persuasion and influence of those you trust, it will become far more important.

Quite why the influence of content sharing has been largely ignored by the PR world is something of a mystery. My bet is that the industry has enough on its plate trying to modernise and increase its sophistication to meet the needs of digitising media without looking beyond search to the science (and art) of sharing. Regardless though, it’s something that should be considered now rather than bolted on later, as the implications are pretty stark.

Think of it like this – if you’re thinking of buying a tent for a camping trip, then positive editorial about certain brands and products that crop up in typical searches are likely to have some impact on your purchasing decision. If the same, or similar, editorial content appears on the internet but is pushed at you by people you trust and who share your interests – in your network, if you care to use the clinical terminology of social media experts – you’re more likely to trust the material and to respect their views. Rather than seeking recommendations, they’re made to you.

How do PR firms go about ensuring that both sharing and search are part of their editorial arsenals? Given that few, as far as I’m aware, have done much to look at the commercial potential of this area, they probably need to start at the beginning. Some might say they have done viral campaigns so understand the power of sharing content, and that’s a valid point. But search needs to become part of the insight developed up front when planning campaigns, so it’s part and parcel of more sophisticated planning. As with search, they need to hire or partner with experts and seek to bring those skills into the PR mix as their services modernise.

Easier said than done, mind. Comments most welcome, even if they’re of the “thanks for sharing” variety.

October 8th, 2010 by Steve

PRCA chief executive: time for the brave

I had a great chat with PRCA chief executive Francis Ingham the other day to gather thoughts for the book I’m writing with occasional blogger and perennial shy-boy Stephen Waddington about PR modernisation, brand risk and reputation control.

Without giving too much of the game away, and because I’ve yet to transcribe the 100wpm Teeline into something legible, here are a few of the points Francis made:

- Knowing the audience: we as PRs are deluding ourselves if we think what we do will ever be as sophisticated as ‘marketing’ or communicating to one en mass. Yes we must be far more clever about how we target people as groups or networks or even as individuals, but there is a need for pragmatism rather than fantasy here

- Media change: there will continue to be less and less media produced in print (no shock there) but online media will exploit ever-tighter niches and need to be far more valued in doing so. This is fairly central to making people pay for content. Overall, there is a misconception that media is now weak and feeble, with its golden years behind it, as there was no golden age of journalism. What’s happening is rapid fragmentation because of digitisation. The likelihood is the media will ultimately be stronger for it

- Evaluation: clients still don’t want to pay for greater sophistication, and that will remain a challenge. Yes business outcomes need to be the end game rather than just publicity output, but assessing attitude and behaviour is a different kettle of fish and probably needs to be distinct from evaluation of the value of editorial influence

- Planning: yes agencies need to get much. much better at it but it is just one of the things they they need to improve markedly. Media change makes better planning imperative, it can no longer be woolly. But agencies also need to tackle fundamental commercial problems like overservicing that they have not really addressed for years

- Value: PR firms need to be brave and charge more. We need to be higher up the food chain, rather than forever in the shadows of advertising. Doing so means modernising and working out how we can make our commercial value greater, more measurable and becoming expert at communicating to many niche audiences rather than general publicity merchants

Thanks for Francis for spending the time. More in the book in due course.

September 1st, 2010 by Steve

Another blog post on the ASA news (and why it’s good for PR)

I woke this morning to details of the ASA’s tightening of the rules on its CAP code to cover digital media evolution. Since then many others have blogged about the intentions, the implications and the practicalities for brands using social media, and in particular for ‘modern’ PR. Meanwhile, I have been sat in meetings scoffing bagels, so am way off the pace.

So let’s get to it. Firstly, the ASA’s landmark agreement is a positive one overall for marketing in that it is an attempt to apply, broadly, the same principles to the online world as to conventional media. The devil will be in the detail and it’s right that far more clarity is needed on definitions, but for me today’s announcement does one thing that’s very helpful to PRs – underlines that there is a fundamental difference between editorial content and bought ‘promotion’ in social media.

Until now, with the ASA’s clout applied to making the distinction, the lines have been blurred. PR firms have touted campaigns that use social media which are, probably, encroaching on advertising. The ad agencies are certainly doing their utmost to encroach on PR – some even implying that PR is redundant where media reaches audiences directly. Social media agencies have exploited the jiggery-pokery by delivering campaigns that ignore those arguments and focus on reaching the right people using just social media. At least that’s what they’ll tell you.

With the ASA’s point – about editorial content being exempt from the legislation because doing so would impair freedom of speech – ringing in my ears, my thinking is that proper rules about how brands should conduct themselves in new media will be an asset to PR firms rather than a drag. We have enough on our plates trying to modernise to fit the needs of changing media without having to fight constant turf wars about where and how influence can fairly be exerted.

That said, where there are rules there are always those with an interest in challenging them, and it probably won’t be long before – unless clinically defined – the boundaries of what constitutes editorial will be tested. One thing is for sure: the ASA has its work cut out legislating for all of this, given the pace at which media is evolving.

August 26th, 2010 by Steve

The lost boys (and girls) part two: can agencies afford to hire them?

Yesterday I tried to set the scene about the challenges the PR industry and graduates are facing at the moment over entry-level positions – boiling it down to something like agencies need to sort themselves out and the best grads should retain hope.

Most people who make the hiring decisions about entry-level staff at PR agencies have empathy with those who want to get a job at the moment but can’t. Some aren’t hiring because they don’t need the extra staff or can’t justify being over-capacity. Others will say they simply don’t have the time to invest in training entry-level recruits. Then there’s the tendency to get freelance support in rather than make permanent hires. It all comes down to a combination of cost and risk.

And rightly so. Now is certainly not the time for any PR agency, however well it may be doing, to throw caution to the wind and hire way ahead of need.

But my main point here is that skilled people are the absolute bedrock of a PR agency’s success, and a two-year hiatus in the intake of entry-level personnel combined with lack of proper training for the future will not only damage graduates’ career prospects but the PR industry.

Yes of course the focus at the moment must be on delivering great client work, attracting clients and producing the best financial results possible in the circumstances, but without a commercially mature and systematic approach to developing people, things will eventually start to unravel. Note that I said approach, not necessarily investment.

Can agencies afford to hire people? Well, only they will know. But in the recent boom years many took on ‘hot’ graduates without even thinking about what use they could be put to. Competition to hire them was fierce. Now there are things like hiring freezes and freelance-only mandates, which may actually cost agencies more in lost business opportunities or higher costs.

Some agencies are continuing to operate graduate recruitment schemes and have simply scaled back on the volume in the past couple of years. Good on them. But many seem to have mothballed everything.

Even if an agency cannot financially justify taking on any extra staff at the moment, here are the things I think all should be thinking about in this area, rather than burying their heads in the sand:

1. Make entry-level recruitment a commercial priority now.
If you can’t recruit at entry-level, have a plan for doing so. Build a pipeline of people you may want to hire in the future and those who – without making false promises – you may be able to hire should circumstances suddenly change. Make this something that everyone in the company is committed to and understands. It will mean you have a broader pick of talent should you need to, the ability to hire quickly and directly, and there is enormous benefit in your current staff understanding that you are being responsible about entry-level positions so that they’re being challenged to develop rather than stagnate.

2. Upgrade the approach to entry-level training.
So many PR firms pay lip service to training. Or talk about how much they spend on it, or how much of an individual’s time is ring-fenced for it. Training is not a line item in a budget or a headline statistic – it must be systemic, part of the fabric of the business. People must want to learn, people must want to teach them and everyone must understand what the purpose of it is. The raft of informal training initiatives run by the CIPR and PRCA shows that individuals have appetites to learn even in a recession – in many cases, recession pressures make it more of a priority.

Agencies need clear, comprehensive and realistic training programmes for all staff but with specific tracks for entry-level people. In my view, the scope should include the broadest reach of conventional and digital PR, and open their eyes to how PR’s ‘editorial world’ may develop in the future. Training must move from an afterthought to being the client delivery and client development backbone of the business. Budget for external support will inevitable be thin or non-existent, but existing staff can teach them a lot of it providing adequate time is set aside. There are mountains of time squandered each month at most PR firms through not charging clients properly for work undertaken, inaccurate time reporting and constant griping about colleagues not being able to complete tasks properly (normally because they haven’t been taught properly…). So it should be straightforward and wholly commercially feasible to commit regular time to training, for everyone’s benefit

3. Be clear with potential recruits about what you’re seeking.
Graduates get the run-around from PR firms far too often. PR needs the best talent coming in to take entry-level jobs. PR will increasingly have to compete with other areas of the marketing for talent, particularly as digitisation means PR is having to redefine what it is and how it generates value. So agencies needs to explain and market their entry-level training and development ethos clearly. They must show how working with them is different. They must be clear about what to expect from their careers in the initial months and and years. They should, ideally, be open about salary scales. Most of all though, be clear about what clients you’d like them to work for and what they’ll be doing. Too often, potentially brilliant graduates wither on the vine or move jobs too soon simply because they were oversold on the excitement of the work or the opportunities they’d be given. Equally, recruits need to be honest about what they’re good at, bad at and ideally seeking rather than trying to talk their way through the hiring process just to land a job, no matter how scarce those are

Tomorrow, what the (potentially) lost generation of PR applicants should be doing to land the right job. Not just the interview, but the lock, stock and barrel.

April 27th, 2010 by Steve

SMiB10 preview: anti-social media

The SMiB10 conference is fast-approaching. I’ve been asked to talk about conventional media and its approach to social media as means of publishing continue to modernise. The title, anti-social media, is a bit out of kilter really in that, generally speaking, conventional media is now very pro social media. At least that’s what it says publicly.

What the conventional press hasn’t yet worked out is how it will make money in a changed media landscape. Nothing new in that statement, but here’s what I plan to drill into at the conference:

Summary: it’ll cover the state of the national and local press in the UK, what local press in particular thinks of social media and what role local press could play in community engagement.

Paying for content: what the national newspapers and magazines are doing, and how the local press may look to adapt these ideas to save its skin.

Trailblazers: examples of conventional media using social media well.

Further from home: the local media is getting local, taking a blunt approach of transposing print-like content to the web. Few are well engaged on a local level.

Nay-sayers: are journalists really willing to get involved with social media, or do they look down their noses at it?

Money: how some local journalists are working out and tapping into the value of their content. And which are on Twitter.

Future ideas: delivering local content profitably to local people.

I also plan to touch briefly on Robert Maxwell, bubblewrap and excrement.

I’ve had some really good input from local journalists, publishers and PRs to date. All input welcome. Please leave a comment below or DM @mynameisearl.

March 11th, 2010 by Steve

Part four: what Gen Y means for a PR industry in pain

The emotive word there is pain. Let’s not spend too long on that though, because hopefully anyone who reads this blog regularly, or has tripped across it and reads through some of the other posts, will recognise my point of view on this – PR is in pain because it must continue to modernise, and too few people who call the shots have figured out what to do about it.

I state that as if it were fact, while of course it’s merely my opinion. Feel free to challenge it, but be prepared for a passionate barrage of evidence and anecdotes that add elephantine weight to the argument.

Like pre-lunchtime tummy rumbles, I feel a list coming on: here are 10 points of pain that are making PR agency bosses feel most uncomfortable at the moment:

1. Digitising media. The media doesn’t know what it’s doing either mind. But PR agencies either have digital ghettoes of coneheads while the big bosses fight shy of the internet or they’ve given the whole job a digital lick of paint, or they’re clinging stubbornly to the darlingluvvy world of print. All will founder if they carry on that way.

2. The value of media relations (as we knew it) is sliding away

3. Most agencies have a fudged take on what the future holds for them so struggle to communicate any meaningful vision to their staff, instead banging on about how they influence influencers and such like

4. The counsel that’s most valued is about how media is changing and how we can create new value for clients, yet too many just want to stick to their knitting

5. Too much international or global business is held by firms that are part of large listed groups beholden to advertising. Advertising is even more pained than PR. So investment in modernisation for the agencies who have those big global accounts is hard to come by, and the fear is they’ll fall behind. Double ouch

6. Lack of transparency about business plans and performance can leave staff feeling undervalued. But those who haven’t started modernising may not have much good news to share, beyond the short-term

7. Everyone feels they should talk about how the market seems to be looking up, but they know that’ll mean people who’ve had pay freezes want more money. Modernisation costs money. Quick fix or long term improvements – what balance is best?

8. Evaluation is no longer woolly stuff that can be pulled over the eyes. It needs to be done properly. But without having modernised to embrace all media it is difficult to do it meaningfully. And clients can be reluctant to pay for it – you could make them understand the value, but that might mean they see you haven’t got the bigger picture of the conventional/digital media future cracked (in fact you’re turning a blind eye to it)

9. People are getting itchy feet because they’re not getting the skills they need to allow them to do the PR jobs of the future, and the recruitment fees for replacing them might wipe out your training budget. Catch 22.

10. Some are still not convinced that digital isn’t just a passing fad. Perhaps their predecessors used to think the same about TV

What’s the impact of the Generation Y issue on all of this?

Doesn’t help, does it?

To be honest, I don’t think that’s really what the point is. It’s more that with everything else that’s going on in the turbulent world of PR at the moment, the growing issue of Gen Y seems to have fallen by the wayside. Which is pretty short-sighted.

And fair enough. Agencies do need to modernise. The PR people who call the shots and set the commercial wheels in motion do need to knuckle down and transition their businesses, their management approach, their services and their marketing to meet the rapidly changing needs of where the industry is heading.

PR has enough problems without Generation Yers not pulling their weight (at least that’s the kneejerk view of some senior/experienced agency people).

But if PR agencies aren’t able to modernise in a way that enthuses and engages Gen Y, the impact of the modernisation won’t be long-lived. Because Gen Y will sod off to do something entirely different.

Should Gen Y just wise up and fall into line with everyone else?

No, of course not. Honest guv. Agency businesses are not charities (despite the odd expenses claim I have to sign off) and can’t model themselves around the new needs of a new generation. Equally though, agencies have to wake up and get to grips with generational change and the pace of evolution now in play.

Tomorrow I’ll try to blog some conclusions. Which won’t be easy. But I have some ideas.

Thanks for those who’ve sent comments, collared me in person and sent emails/DMs with input this week. Some interesting views. Strangely though, very few from Gen Y.

Perhaps the crusties do read blogs after all.